The observed enhancement of EV-mediated HPASMCs:HPAECs communication with TGF-β1 and IL-1β, together with the results that showed increase in SMA, suggest that these EVs shall play a relevant role in the transition of HPAECs into mesenchymal cells during pulmonary hypertension development. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.