The expressions of NADPH oxidase subunits p47 phox and p67 phox in S100A11-overexpressed HCC cells were independent of substrate stiffness, but a Co-IP assay demonstrated that levels of p67 phox and p47 phox interacted with S100A11 were significantly upregulated in HCC cells under higher stiffness stimulation (Fig. 3f), suggesting that higher matrix stiffness strengthens S100A11 interaction with p67 phox and p47 phox and promotes NADPH oxidase assembly. The gene discussed is FMO5; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.