Our findings are in agreement with human clinical studies that observed an increase in CD8+ cytotoxic T cells early on during BRAFi therapy followed by a decrease during tumor progression.16, 18, 19 Thus, the D4M transplantable model is a highly suitable preclinical model to investigate immunological effects mediated by BRAFi and to test potential novel combination therapies. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.