Stroke induced a significant reduction in the minimum concentrations of C3b/ iC3b (Figure 2A), C3 (Figure 2B), C4 (Figure 2C), Factor H (Figure 2D) and Properdin (Figure 2E) measured in the first seven days after stroke in both placebo and IL-1Ra treated patients in comparison to non-stroke controls13. The gene discussed is C4A; the disease is Stroke.