When CMV status was treated as a binary variable, CMV positivity (defined as a CMV-specific IFN-γ ELISpot response > 17 SFC/million at either time point), measured up to 3 years prior to TB detection, was associated with increased risk of TB disease (CLR; P = 0.043; OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.02–4.83) (Figure 3A). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and tuberculosis.