MALAT1 and pulmonary fibrosis: For example, Zhuo et al. (2017) reported that functional polymorphism of Malat1 contributes to pulmonary arterial hypertension susceptibility in Chinese people; Gutschner et al. (2012) demonstrated Malat1 as a critical regulator of the metastasis phenotype of lung cancer cells; Yan et al. (2017) reported that Malat1 modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis via controlling miR-503/PI3K p85 signaling pathway; and Dai et al. (2018b) found that knockdown of Malat1 plays a protective role in the LPS-induced acute lung injury rat model.