The immune-regulating and anti-inflammatory properties of lysozyme, its ability to beneficially act in the context of human ageing [15], or to contrast the complications of chronic diseases like diabetes [16,17,18], to cite a few, are more recent indications of its importance as they highlight the potential use of lysozyme as a natural complement to other previously established pharmacological interventions. The gene discussed is LYZ; the disease is diabetes mellitus.