Indeed, the clinical response to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small-cell lung carcinoma patients was estimated with a sensitivity of 96% by evaluating the absence of tumor-specific T790M EGFR mutation, commonly associated with resistance against anti-EGFR first generation compounds. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.