TGFB1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: It also provokes the differentiation of fibroblasts to activated myofibroblasts, affecting the production and accumulation of excessive ECM.11 In contrast, TGF‐β1 is also a well‐known anti‐inflammatory and immunosuppressive factor, and thus approaches aimed at inhibiting TGF‐β1 for IPF treatment have been attempted with caution.