Neurotransmitter release at inhibitory GABAergic synapses is reduced in CLCN3-null mice while glutamate release is increased (28, 29); our finding, and that of another study based on the SMR approach (15), of increased expression of this gene might suggest the reverse effect (reduced glutamate, increased GABA) in schizophrenia consistent with the aberrance of both excitatory and inhibitory signaling in schizophrenia. This evidence concerns the gene CLCN3 and schizophrenia.