INS and Hypoglycemia: Observations lead to the “foregut hypothesis,” which postulates that bypassing the upper small intestine restricts nutrient‐induced secretion of upper gastrointestinal factors that normally defend against hypoglycemia by reducing insulin secretion.23, 24 One potential gastrointestinal factor is gut‐derived dopamine, which in peripheral tissues is produced almost exclusively in the stomach and upper small intestine.25 Unlike its neurotransmitter counterpart in the brain, gut‐derived or peripheral dopamine travels through the peripheral bloodstream and does not cross the blood‐brain barrier.