Similarly, plasma TNF-α and TGF-β level of HAT (35.15 and 1379 pg/ml) or malaria (32.22 and 1434 pg/ml), was significantly elevated over healthy controls (24.11 and 534.7 pg/ml), (HAT significance: P = 0.0052 and P = 0.0003 or malaria significance: P = 0.0103 and P = 0.0009) respectively. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is malaria.