While in the Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study the prevalence of being overweight in T1D was found lower compared to the general population88, more recently in a sample of >2,700 T1D patients, depending on the diabetes duration, 20–25% were overweight and 6–10% were obese, with BMI status not being significantly associated with insulin dose and intensity of insulin treatment89. Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.