Furthermore, JAK2 V617F, a constitutively active JAK2 mutant, phosphorylates both STAT3 and STAT5 proteins and has high frequency in patients with hematopoietic stem cell diseases, such as myeloproliferative diseases, essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera (PV), and idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) [56]. This evidence concerns the gene JAK2 and essential thrombocythemia.