In conclusion, our data show that gene expression profiling could be an important tool to molecularly distinguish AAA from AOD, clinical entities that share the same risk factors, but show completely different disease progression, as we revealed that simultaneous inhibition of BMP signaling and activation of TGF-β signaling could play a role in abdominal aortic aneurysms. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is triple-A syndrome.