This is in contrast to a study reported by Ping Li et al. who failed to find any significant change in the expression of TFF1 and TFF3 genes and peptides in a group of CRSwNP patients, while they reported significantly increased expression of both TFFs in CRSsNP patients as compared with a group of non-diseased subjects [10]. Here, TFF3 is linked to chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps.