NPPB and hydrops fetalis: In hospitalized patients with HF, poor nutritional status, as measured by clinical markers using the PNI, has been associated with higher levels of prognostic cardiometabolic markers, including brain naturetic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro BNP, indicating poor HF status and significantly longer hospital stays, cardiovascular events, and mortality [29,30,31,32,48].