SIRT1 and Hyperglycemia: Examples include the following: miR-34 induces endothelial inflammation by downregulating SIRT1 [156] and targeting SIRT1; miR-204 promotes vascular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and dysfunction in mice; downregulation of miR-204 activates protection against ER stress through an increase of SIRT1 expression [157]; miR-106b targets SIRT1 in mouse insulinoma cell line NIT-1, rendering them vulnerable to hyperglycemia induced by 30mM glucose; and in vivo suppression of miR-106b increases expression of SIRT1 and reduces cardiovascular damage in diabetic mice [132].