FLT3-ITD is found in about 10–20% of newly diagnosed pediatric AML patients and was reported to be an independent prognostic factor for poor outcome particularly for patients with high ITD allelic ratios and/or loss of the wild-type FLT3 allele leading to copy number-neutral ITD homozygosity (48). The gene discussed is FLT3; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.