Generated adenosine then targets infiltrating effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells through the A2a receptor resulting in increased intracellular cAMP and inhibition of the pro-inflammatory NFκB pathways (132) Manapathil et al. demonstrate that Treg isolated from HNSCC patients highly express CD39 and CD73 in comparison to healthy controls. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.