CD4 and tuberculosis: As shown in Figures 3B,C, the BATF expressions of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells increased after TB-specific antigen PPD stimulation (0.75 vs. 2.84%, P = 0.048 and 0.76 vs. 1.48%, P = 0.039, respectively), and decreased after blockade of PD-1 ligands with PD-L1/L2 blocking Abs (2.84 vs. 0.89%, P = 0.023 and 1.48 vs. 1.01%, P = 0.026, respectively).