In pre-clinical models of ocular hypertension, the main risk factor of glaucoma, or of traumatic optic nerve injury (optic nerve crush or transection) both, the blockade of TNFα using decoy-receptors (Roh et al., 2012; Tse et al., 2018) or natural anti-TNFα compounds (Kyung et al., 2015), and the deletion of TNFR1 (Tezel et al., 2004) have neuroprotective properties on the injured RGCs. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is glaucoma.