VHL and glioblastoma: Autophagy has been widely reported in biology and pathogenesis of GBM.39, 40, 41, 42 These may indicate that splicing of some core genes in autophagy may be important in GBM. In Figure 5, the protein interactive network presents the core genes, like UBC, VHL, KCTD7, FBXL19, RNF7, and UBE2N.