PLD2 and cancer: The western blot finding that PLD2 protein expression is greater in PCa cells purified from biopsies scored Gleason 6–9 compared with cells from normal biopsy tissue (Fig. 1e) implies that PLD2 expression is increased in PCa, as has been reported for renal, colon, colorectal and other human cancers.4,5,60,61 This was not observed for PLD143 but the result for PLD2 is supported by our IHC analysis of a PCa TMA (Fig. 2c, d) where the intensity of DAB reaction product/pixel increases significantly in tissue sections scored Gleason 6–8 but is lower in Gleason 9 sections.