Increased IL-8 in serum associates with poor response to cancer therapeutics.45 IL-8 recruits pro-tumorigenic factors to remodel TME.46 IL-8 expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) also modulates TME leading increased NF-κB activation and chemoresistance in human gastric cancer.47 Thus, downregulation of IL-8 release in serum and decreased expression in tumour sections upon Hsp60 knockdown PC-3 xenograft suggest that Hsp60 promotes tumour progression via IL-8-mediated TME remodelling. Here, NFKB1 is linked to cancer.