HSPD1 and neoplasm: IL-8 is an autocrine growth factor remodels TME and associates with disease recurrence in many types of cancer including in prostate and colon cancer.13,50,51 Increased expression of Hsp60 contributes tumour progression, apoptosis inhibition, modulation of TME, therapy resistance, and recurrence of many types of cancer.19,52–58 This study provides strong evidence of Hsp60 regulation of IL-8 expression and release, which plays critical role TME remodelling and therapeutic resistance in cancer.