GFAP is considered a marker protein for astrogliosis, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory demyelinating diseases, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia, acute traumatic brain injury, and prion-associated spongiform encephalopathies29. Here, GFAP is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.