LCN2 and acute kidney injury: In recent years, several AKI markers have been discovered, including kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7), cystatin c (Cys-C), and cysteine-rich 61 (CYR-61) [12,13].