In addition to promoting tumor growth and dissemination in various types of murine and human cancers,8 S100A4 was shown to stimulate invasion and migration by adjusting the extracellular matrix, cell membrane fluidity, and the cytoskeleton of murine melanoma cells.29 When we compared cell proliferation, migration, and invasion between mtMDA and parental MDA cells, mtMDA cells displayed greater migration and invasion than did MDA cells with no difference in proliferation (data not shown). This evidence concerns the gene S100A4 and cancer.