A similar reduction in IL-1β (3.17 SMD for MSCs vs. 3.37 SMD for CdM) and TNFα was mirrored in the preclinical BPD meta-analysis by Augustine et al. TNFα inhibition was also seen in a study performed in an animal model of arthritis receiving CdM [40]. Here, IL1B is linked to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.