In conclusion, oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy appears to involve the activation of TLR4, RAGE, and CXCR4, by HMGB1 derived from non-macrophage cells, and TMα suppresses oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy in a thrombin-dependent manner, an effect canceled by anticoagulants that inhibit the generation of thrombin. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and peripheral neuropathy.