Thirty-nine patients had a secondary risk factor for osteoporosis: 21 patients were either on or had previous exposure to glucocorticoids, rheumatoid arthritis (n = 5), polymyalgia rheumatica (n = 3), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 5), inflammatory bowel disease (n = 3), endocrine disorders (primary hyperparathyroidism/diabetes mellitus) n = 5, and treatment with aromatase inhibitors (n = 2). The gene discussed is CYP19A1; the disease is polymyalgia rheumatica.