HPGDS and neoplasm: The increase in oxidative stress was associated with an increase in tumour malondialdehyde (MDA) content (2.2-fold higher in the LW group versus the control; Fig. 4G) and lower anti-oxidative response since there was a decrease in activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and a higher MDA/GST ratio (63% reduced in GST, and MDA/GST ratio was 6.9-fold higher in the LW group; Fig. 4H,I, respectively).