INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: GPR40/FFAR1 signaling has been an attractive therapeutic target for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D), as GPR40 is highly expressed in pancreatic β-cells1 and can potentiate glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) when activated by long-chain free fatty acids such as palmitate and oleic acid, with limited hypoglycemia risk2.