Moreover, Xie et al. did not exclude the possibility of DMF-induced cell apoptosis in HCT116 (human) and CT26 (murine) colon cancer cells, but found DMF not to significantly affect apoptotic parameters, such as the expression of bcl-2, bax, and cleaved caspase-3 protein [6]. This evidence concerns the gene BAX and malignant colon neoplasm.