CSF1 and multiple sclerosis: We have previously suggested in EAE (experimental allergic encephalomyelitis), a rat model for multiple sclerosis, that the overexpression of CSF1 (macrophage colony-stimulating factor) in CSF aggravate the inflammatory process by propagating the proinflammatory signals to the nearby resting microglia and astrocytes through an increased production of proinflamamtory cytokines [70].