A possible reason for this discrepancy in these results may be related to a wide variety of genetic factors are involved in diabetic nephropathy in a complex form, in which these variants in the SLC12A3 gene may be present in regulating regions, such as promoter, intron sequences or 5′ and 3′ non-coding regions, and the effect of such polymorphisms may not have been detected in the relatively small populations of T2DM-individuals with diabetic nephropathy. Here, SLC12A3 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.