While naïve CD8 and CD4 T cell frequencies were unaffected, effector memory CD8 T cells were elevated at 0.0837% of PBMC, outside the upper 95% CI (0.0752%) of the mean (0.0536%) of the SLE cohort (Fig. 2D), and the ratio of total CD4:CD8 T cells in peripheral blood of the patient bearing the variant was substantially higher than all other SLE patients studied (n = 32) (Fig. 2E). Here, CD8A is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.