TXNIP and prostate carcinoma: Proposed mechanisms for the induction of ROS by HDACi are a (i) downregulation of the expression of thioredoxin (TRX), reducing protein, (ii) an induction of the expression of the thioredoxin-binding protein-2 (TBP-2) gene as shown in prostate cancer cells [79], and (iii) the induction of the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), an inhibitor of TRX, as demonstrated in human gastric cancer cells and HeLa cells [80,81].