Interestingly, we found that p18 Bax formation appeared to correlate with the JEV induction of apoptotic cell death, as observed by the increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells via annexin V analysis and the increase in cell death via cell viability assay, together with the release of Cyt c and the activation of caspase-3/7 activity, especially during the late stage of a robust viral infection. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is viral infectious disease.