Despite the important shared role of SALL4 in self-renewal of HSCs and leukemia stem cells (LSCs), some studies have demonstrated that SALL4 has differential effects on both pro- and anti-apoptotic pathways in normal and leukemic cells (Gao et al., 2011).It was found that during normal hematopoiesis, SALL4 is preferentially expressed in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitors (HS/PCs) and down-regulated in CD34- cells during hematopoietic differentiation (Ma et al., 2006). This evidence concerns the gene SALL4 and leukemia.