The pathogenic action of Th17 cells in atherosclerosis depends on their capacity to produce proinflammatory factors, such as IL-6, IFN-γ, and GM-CSF [415,416], and some pathogenic Th17 cells are derived from Tregs that lose FOXP3 expression and immunosuppressive properties [417]. This evidence concerns the gene FOXP3 and atherosclerosis.