Stem cells, including cancer stem cells (CSCs), are pluripotent and capable of self-renewal, like induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells induced by the transcription factors Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4 [14] or OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and LIN28 [15]. The gene discussed is POU5F1; the disease is cancer.