TYMS and cancer: Previous studies reported that levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), stathmin 1 (STMN1), tubulin β3 class III (TUBB3), thymidylate synthase (TS), topoisomerase II (Topo-II), glucose-regulated protein, and 78 kDa (GRP78)/binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) are closely associated with chemotherapeutic sensitivity in patients with various cancers.