INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: PGC-1α interacts with a broad range of transcription factors, such as PPAR-γ, that are involved in a wide variety of biological responses, including adaptive thermogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose/fatty acid metabolism, and tissue development [42], although in adipose tissue, PGC-1α seems to have more relationship with glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes [43,44,45].