CCA-associated lymphangiogenesis is significantly associated with increased lymphatic metastasis, recurrence of the tumor, and reduced overall survival in patients with CCA.LPA has been shown to induce the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), a lymphangiogenic factor, through LPAR1 and LPAR3 in prostate cancer (PCa) cells [237]. Here, VEGFC is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.