In rhabdomyosarcoma, STAT3 was observed to be constitutively activated to induce the expression of several target genes including anti-apoptotic BCL-2, BCL-XL, and Survivin, while transcription factors such as PAX3 and PAX3/FKHR were shown to induce BCL-XL mRNA expression, thus highlighting the involvement of BCL-2 family proteins in rhabdomyosarcoma tumorigenesis [69,109]. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and rhabdomyosarcoma.