NRAS and leukemia: Activation of NRAS has been associated with proliferation and self-renewal in leukemia via the activation of MEK and mTOR signaling pathways.18 Our RNA-Seq analysis revealed overexpression of cell cycle or BCL2 (OMIM 603167)–MDM2 (OMIM 164785) pathways in TH01_0134_S01, TH03_0010_S01, TH03_0010_S02, and TH03_0011_S01; these pathways are downstream of activated RAS signaling, and their overexpression is thus consistent with the activating NRAS mutation.