CD274 and renal cell carcinoma: Subsequently, studies of anti–PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in combination with targeted therapies as 1 L treatment for advanced or metastatic RCC were reported [14, 24–27]; this includes trials of avelumab combined with axitinib, particularly the recently reported phase III JAVELIN Renal 101 study, which showed superior efficacy with this regimen compared with sunitinib, and led to the recent FDA approval of avelumab and axitinib in combination for the treatment of advanced RCC [16, 25, 26].