For tumor stages I–IV, the AUC values for ROC curve analysis, based on serum CXCL7, were 0.674 (0.621–0.725; P < 0.001), 0.901 (0.866–0.929; P < 0.001), 0.910 (0.877–0.937; P < 0.001), and 0.887 (0.846–0.920; P < 0.001), respectively (Figures 3D,G,J,M). This evidence concerns the gene PPBP and neoplasm.