MLN8237 could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and enhance the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo through induced programmed cell death and cell senescence by targeting AURKA, and these effects were P53-dependent in part because the P53-deficient lung cancer cell line was resistant to AURKA inhibition-induced antiproliferative effects. The gene discussed is AURKA; the disease is lung carcinoma.